• GarbageShoot [he/him]@hexbear.netEnglish
    7·
    10 months ago

    Ad hom is in a Venn diagram here, because the two are often used together but are not the same. An ad hom is specifically when you say something that boils down to “You’re a scoundrel [or otherwise undesirable], so your argument is incorrect”. The labeling strategy that Awoo is discussing is closer to equivocation (insinuating things are the same that are different) as a means of obfuscation, such as the “terrorist” example. See how so many people complaining about the Hot Houthi Winter interview with Hasan were calling the interviewee a “terrorist” in order to get people to not actually think about what he is, which is decidedly not a terrorist. What specifically the dude is saying or even the truth of it hasn’t even come into play yet.

    So I spent a minute there trying really hard to figure out the difference as I typed because it’s honestly a good question on your part, and I think the answer is that this thought-terminating cliche bit is used to conclude that the person is a scoundrel, while ad homs are predicated on the person being seen as a scoundrel to falsely prove some other point (Biden being an imperialist does not make the time of day change when he comments that it’s morning). The reason these are so hard to pin down, aside from the fact that they are informal fallacies, is that common communication and even argumentation is filled with implied premises, inferences, and conclusions, so mapping them out formally enough to be able to compare the structure is a genuinely difficult task.

    What do you think, @[email protected]?

    • Awoo [she/her]@hexbear.netEnglish
      5·
      10 months ago

      I think you’re onto something with looking at previous historical examples of it being discussed for sources of potential names, and for strengthening the argument for its existence.

      The difference between ad hom and this would be be declaration vs conclusion? Declaring “you’re an asshole” vs concluding “this is an asshole”, the former being the individual’s opinion while the latter is intended to be an objective statement of fact with the implication that it discredits the person wholly? I’m not really sure.

      • GarbageShoot [he/him]@hexbear.netEnglish
        3·
        10 months ago

        That’s the thing, in a proper sense (as far as informal fallacies go), an ad hom is not the same thing as an insult. There is a term for that, it’s “insult.” An “argumentum ad hominem,” an “argument to the person,” is the false refutation of the other person’s argument on the basis of that person’s own attributes when those attributes are not relevant. This gets flanderized to “insulting who you are arguing with” because of dumb debatebros trying to do gotchas (“You insulted me, I win!”) along with the issue I expressed before about how it can be very complex to formalize a prose argument because of the sheer volume of things that could be left to implication, e.g. if I call you an asshole and say nothing more, what does that mean as a response to your argument? That it’s wrong and you’re an asshole for saying it? That what you say can be dismissed because you are an asshole? etc.

        The case that I am making is that the thought-terminating label is done as the scaffolding for an ad hominem. If someone wants to feed the poor and I, as a reactionary, know little else about them, then to an American audience something like “That would be communism” pragmatically functions as multiple implied arguments, first the arguments for why I would call it communism and secondly the arguments for why it is bad to feed the poor. Because of context, we can supply premises and conclusions that in this case are around 5 times longer and collectively much more complicated than the literal assertion, some cartoon version being: “Handouts are communism, feeding the poor is handouts, feeding the poor is communism; communism is bad, therefore feeding the poor is bad; we should not do bad things, we should not feed to poor. QED”

        Without exaggeration, the pragmatics of such a situation suggest that that little four-word sentence functions as the presentation of that entire argument. Incidentally, the argument I just produced is a version of the phenomenon you’re talking about, just directed to be about a policy proposal. A slight change in the framing could make it involve an ad hom.

        • Awoo [she/her]@hexbear.netEnglish
          3·
          10 months ago

          I agree with all of this but I’m not quite sure what to do with it. I suppose it complicates naming and describing it. Perhaps description of it needs to be broken down into a simplified version and then fully-explored in detail afterwards? I’m not sure as I’m quite tired now.

          I think your main point seems to be that they’re preying on pre-loaded information in a way that compacts several different pre-loaded pieces of information that a person has already accepted into a larger thing that then becomes larger than the sum of parts. For example a “tankie” could be broken down into several pieces (authoritarian + marxist-leninist + supports bad country + Etc) where the person falling for the “tankie” thought-terminator is expected to have already fallen for each individual component of the overall sum that makes up “tankie”. When someone has fallen for all the components already you can then combine them together along with ML and associate them to take your existing propaganda and elevate it to a level that is greater than the various parts.

          Another factor here is that by giving someone a name, you define a group. If tankies are bad then there also must be an opposing good. The person joins the group of opposing good and all the values of the opposing “good” then become soaked up. You don’t even have to name the opposing side, simply naming the “tankie” is enough for everyone defining themselves as not-tankie to fall into the opposition group. If this opposition group includes nazis, the values of nazis get soaked up by members of the group in small ways.